Network management refers to the various activities, tools, and technologies that are used to design, deploy, maintain, and optimize the performance of a network. It involves a wide range of tasks, including monitoring network performance, identifying and troubleshooting problems, configuring and updating network devices, and managing network security. Network management is important for ensuring that a network operates smoothly and efficiently, and for maintaining the availability and reliability of network services. Some common tools and technologies used in network management include network management protocols, network management software, and network management systems.